> About TNP
How similar is your single-domain antibody to clinical-stage therapeutics?
- To use this application, you only require the amino acid sequence of a single-domain antibody.
- The Therapeutic Nanobody Profiler (TNP) compares your sequence against six developability guidelines derived from clinical-stage therapeutic values.
- TNP uses NanoBodyBuilder2 to generate a model structure of your single-domain antibody.
- TNP then calculates the following properties to see how your single-domain antibody design aligns with those of clinical-stage therapeutics:
- Total CDR Length
- CDR3 Length
- CDR3 Compactness
- Patches of Surface Hydrophobicity (PSH) metric across the CDR Vicinity
- Patches of Positive Charge (PPC) metric across the CDR Vicinity
- Patches of Negative Charge (PNC) metric across the CDR Vicinity
- TNP also outputs...
- An interactive representation of your model, allowing you to visualise hydrophobic/charge patches on the Van der Waals surface. The model is downloadable.
- A representation showing predicted model accuracy from NanoBodyBuilder2
- Sequence liabilities likely to lead to post- or co-translational modification
- Nanobody hallmark residues
- More information about the guidelines and more resources can be found here.
For a full description of the TNP metrics, please refer to: Gordon, GL et al. The Therapeutic Nanobody Profiler: characterising and predicting nanobody developability to improve therapeutic design. (2025)
> Resources
Please cite our paper "Gordon, GL et al. The Therapeutic Nanobody Profiler: characterising and predicting nanobody developability to improve therapeutic design. (2025)" if making use of these datasets.
- The 36 Clinical-Stage Therapeutics (CST) models that set the TNP guidelines in the paper can be found here.
- The 36 CST sequences can be found here
- The experimental developability data for 108 sequences, including the therapeutic VHHs can be found here
- The data for TNP and 81 other in silico descriptors for developability, for single-domain antibody data from our databases PLAbDab-nano, OAS, SAbDab and TheraSAbDab can be found here
- The TNP Guidelines were last updated in July 2025. We are now tracking 36 therapeutic VHHs.
| Property | Amber Region (July 2025) | Red Region (July 2025) |
|---|---|---|
| Total CDR Length (L) | 20 ≤ L ≤ 24 | L < 20 |
| 37.25 ≤ L ≤ 39 | L > 39 | |
| CDR3 Length (L3) | 5 ≤ L3 ≤ 8 | L3 < 5 |
| 21.25 ≤ L3 ≤ 23 | L3 > 23 | |
| CDR3 Compactness (C) | 0.56 ≤ C ≤ 0.81 | C < 0.56 |
| 1.57 ≤ C ≤ 1.61 | C > 1.61 | |
| Patches of Surface Hydrophobicity (PSH) | 73.4 ≤ PSH ≤ 79.59 | PSH < 73.4 |
| 126.83 ≤ PSH ≤ 155.47 | PSH > 155.47 | |
| Patches of Positive Charge (PPC) | 0.39 ≤ PPC ≤ 1.18 | PPC > 1.18 |
| Patches of Negative Charge (PNC) | 1.47 ≤ PNC ≤ 1.88 | PNC > 1.88 |
